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(We are currently using CHAPTER 7 “BOGUS LOGOS 2” in Moore & Parker Critical Thinking)
For this assignment, you will find a news article, social media post, or other piece of media that demonstrates an induction fallacy. Induction fallacies occur when a conclusion is drawn from evidence that is not sufficiently strong or representative to justify it. Examples include hasty generalizations, false cause, or slippery slope arguments. Once you have selected your source, make sure it is publicly accessible and include a direct link to it in your submission.
In your analysis, identify the specific induction fallacy present in the argument, such as a hasty generalization, false cause, or slippery slope. Summarize the argument made in the source, including its main claim and supporting evidence, and explain why the reasoning is fallacious, discussing how the evidence provided is insufficient or flawed in supporting the conclusion. Finally, suggest a way the author could strengthen their argument to avoid the fallacy. Consider what additional evidence or reasoning would make the argument more convincing. Be sure to use specific examples and quotes from the source to support your analysis.
To help you all with this, here’s an example:
I chose a social media post from Twitter in which the author claims that “all politicians are corrupt” based on a recent news story about a local politician caught in a bribery scandal. The tweet reads: “Just saw the news about the mayor taking bribes. It’s always the same—ALL politicians are corrupt! #DrainTheSwamp.” https://x.com/AP/status/1839409552220946562
This argument demonstrates a hasty generalization, which is a type of induction fallacy. In a hasty generalization, the author draws a broad conclusion from a small or unrepresentative sample. In this case, the author uses the actions of a single mayor to make a sweeping claim about all politicians. The post relies on one example of corruption and assumes that it is representative of every politician, which is not a justified leap in reasoning. While it’s true that some politicians have engaged in corrupt behavior, it does not logically follow that all politicians are corrupt. There is insufficient evidence to support such a broad claim.
To avoid the fallacy, the author could provide additional evidence or qualify their statement. For example, instead of claiming that “all politicians are corrupt,” they could say, “Some politicians have been involved in corruption, as the recent bribery scandal shows, and it’s important to hold them accountable.” This revision would acknowledge the issue without making an overgeneralized statement. Additionally, the author could include statistics or reports on the prevalence of political corruption to make a more well-supported argument about the need for reform in politics.
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