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Theory is described as “a systematic explanation of an event in which constructs
Theory is described as “a systematic explanation of an event in which constructs and concepts are identified and relationships are proposed and predictions are made (McEwan & Wills, 2023, p. 24). The basic types of theory mentioned in this week’s reading are: factor-isolating theories, factor-relating theories, situation-relating theories, and situation-producing theories. All of these theories are designed to describe, explain, predict or prescribe phenomena (McEwan & Wills, 2023, p. 40).
Factor-isolating theories, also known as descriptive theories, describe and observe concepts. They are produced by descriptive research techniques, which include concept analysis, case studies, and literature review (McEwan & Wills, 2023, p. 40). This theory does not explain the cause, but rather the narrative.
Factor-relating theories, also known as explanatory theories, explain how and why ideas are related, and the correlation to one another. In contrast to the descriptive theories, explanatory theories address the cause and effect. In this theory, different variables that contribute to an occasion are assessed.
Situation-relating theories, or predictive theories, aim to predict future conclusions. This week’s reading mentioned examples of predictive theories, such as the caregiving effectiveness model (CEM), in which the caregiving effectiveness is dependent on a number of different factors, which collectively depict the impact of the effectiveness (McEwan & Wills, 2023, p. 41).
Lastly, the situation-producing theories, otherwise known as the prescriptive theories, suggest the measures that is needed to be taken in order to reach a desired goal. This theory guides nurses to critically think and to make clinical decisions for their interventions.
Theory is important in nursing because it provides structure and organization. It is what differentiates nursing from other professions that involve caring. Theoretical principals guide the nursing practice by offering a systematic approach and encourages the use of critical thinking in order to achieve a desired outcome.
Reference
McEwen, M., & Wills, E. M. (2023). Theoretical Basis for Nursing (6th ed.). Wolters Kluwer.
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